The production process of peptides

The production processes of peptides mainly include three categories: direct extraction, artificial synthesis, and protein degradation. Among them, enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation are widely used due to their high efficiency and safety.

Direct extraction method

Extract bioactive peptides directly from plants or microorganisms through separation and purification techniques. However, this method faces bottlenecks of low content and high cost, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production.

Artificial synthesis method

Chemical synthesis method: including solid-phase/liquid-phase synthesis, there are problems such as racemization and toxic residues, which affect product quality and environmental protection.

Enzymatic synthesis method

The reaction conditions are mild but the yield is insufficient, and the excessive amount of by-products restricts the development of industrialization.

Recombinant DNA technology

Suitable for the synthesis of large molecule peptides, but cannot meet the production needs of small molecule peptides.

Protein degradation method

Chemical hydrolysis method: Under strong acid and alkali conditions, the peptide chain may be disrupted, which may alter the active structure.

Enzymatic hydrolysis

Currently the most mainstream process, with typical procedures including:

Raw material pretreatment (such as ultrasonic crushing)

Specific enzyme cleavage (such as trypsin directed cleavage)

Four layer molecular membrane separation and purification technology

Obtain small molecule peptides below 1000 daltons

In the Apollo Biotechnology case, this process improved the purity of deep-sea fish peptides by over 98% while retaining intact biological activity.

Microbial fermentation method

Utilizing bacterial strains to metabolize peptides, the properties of the products depend on bacterial strain screening and optimization of fermentation conditions.